個人安全服務提供商 NordVPN(總部:荷蘭阿姆斯特丹,日本代表:小原拓郎)公布了其營運的威脅暴露管理平台「NordStellar」於 2025 年進行的關於資訊竊取惡意軟體「Infostealer」造成的損害實況調查結果。
本次調查分析了 2021 年至 2025 年間從暗網論壇和 Telegram 群組收集的 913 筆數據。調查揭露了「暗網旅行社」的實況,這些旅行社利用從 Infostealer 竊取的信用卡資訊,非法購買機票和飯店預訂,並在暗網上轉售。其中 92.5% 的商品以定價的 40% 至 60% 折扣出售。除了飯店預訂(18.2%)和機票(13%)外,近年來其業務範圍已擴展到包括 Uber Eats 等外送優惠券(21.7%)。
每年 3 月 31 日是「世界備份日」。藉此機會重新審視數位資料的保護,NordVPN 在黃金週和春季旅遊旺季前,再次呼籲消費者提高警惕。在日本國內,信用卡盜刷的受害情況也日益嚴重。根據日本信用協會的統計,2024 年的總損失金額達到 555 億日圓,創歷史新高。其中 92.5% 是由於信用卡號碼被盜用所致,這與 Infostealer 的蔓延有關(資料來源:日本信用協會)。
※Infostealer 是一種惡意軟體,會秘密收集感染設備上的信用卡號碼、密碼、Cookie、瀏覽器保存的資訊等,並將其傳送給外部。它透過電子郵件附件或非法軟體下載進行感染,在使用者不知情的情況下竊取資訊。本次調查的數據集還包含詳細說明犯罪者操作步驟的手冊,顯示這些手法正在被系統性地共享和傳承。
什麼是「暗網旅行社」?
暗網旅行社提供的服務與正規的旅行預訂網站類似,但其實際活動地點位於暗網上隱蔽的闇市集和論壇。犯罪者利用從暗網竊取的信用卡資訊購買正規的旅遊產品,然後以大幅折扣的價格轉售給第三方。NordStellar 在 2021 年至 2025 年間收集的數據(913 筆有效數據)分析顯示了以下情況:
・92.5% 的商品以定價的 40% 至 60% 折扣出售,這是一種偽裝成「廉價旅行」的巧妙轉售手法。
・最多類別是飯店預訂(18.2%),其次是機票(13%)、Airbnb 預訂(5.6%)和租車(5.2%)。也確認了許多機票和住宿設施組合的套裝行程。
・近年來,業務範圍已擴展到外送優惠券。交易最常見的是 Uber Eats(21.7%),其次是 DoorDash(16.2%)和 Amazon(10.1%)。
・付款方式多使用加密貨幣和現金應用程式。也建立了透過「託管」(第三方保管)來建立信任的機制。
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常見問題
What is an Infostealer?
An Infostealer is a type of malware that secretly collects and transmits sensitive information from an infected device, such as credit card numbers, passwords, cookies, and browser saved data, to external parties. It can infect devices through email attachments or unauthorized software downloads.
What is a 'Dark Web Travel Agency'?
A 'Dark Web Travel Agency' operates on the dark web, offering travel services like flight and hotel bookings. These agencies use stolen credit card information, obtained through methods like Infostealers, to purchase travel products and then resell them to customers at significantly discounted prices.
How are these stolen travel bookings resold?
The stolen travel bookings are resold on dark web forums and marketplaces, often disguised as 'cheap travel' deals. Listings are typically offered at 40-60% below the original price. The services offered have expanded from flights and hotels to include rental cars and even delivery coupons.
What is the significance of World Backup Day in relation to this news?
World Backup Day (March 31st) serves as a reminder to review and strengthen digital data protection. This news highlights the risks of compromised personal data, emphasizing the importance of secure practices and backups to mitigate the impact of cyber threats like Infostealers.
What measures can consumers take to protect themselves?
Consumers should be cautious about suspicious emails and software downloads, use strong, unique passwords, enable two-factor authentication where possible, and regularly back up their important data. Using a reputable VPN service like NordVPN can also help protect online activity and data.